While fires in lithium-ion energy storage systems remain extremely rare, with a reported risk of just 0.005% to 0.01%, recent incidents have highlighted the importance of proper installation, maintenance, and adherence to safety standards. Experts emphasize that every fire is one too many, urging operators and installers to follow stringent protocols to prevent potential hazards.
In 2023 and 2024, reports of fires in both stationary storage systems and electric vehicles increased public scrutiny. Many incidents were linked to older storage units or improper installations. For example, a fire at a solar park in Saxony, Germany, involved a lithium-ion storage container, challenging firefighters due to the flammability of the batteries.
The rapid expansion of the energy storage market is evident in Germany, where the number of installed systems rose from 88,000 in 2020 to 573,000 in 2023, with a cumulative total of 1.4 million systems. However, aging systems and improper practices, such as inadequate ventilation and improper placement near flammable materials, remain key risk factors.
Experts recommend adhering to standards like IEC 62619 for fire-safe storage rooms, maintaining proper ventilation, and ensuring robust installation practices. Maintenance, including visual inspections and firmware updates, is critical to prolonging the life and safety of these systems.
As energy storage continues to expand globally, focusing on safety protocols and education for operators will be essential to sustain trust in this vital component of the energy transition.