Researchers at the University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney have unveiled an innovative solar technology that could significantly enhance the efficiency of silicon solar panels, potentially raising output to over 30%. This new method, which incorporates a singlet fission layer, allows for better energy capture and could also lead to cooler operating temperatures, prolonging panel lifespan. The approach addresses previous challenges related to stability and production scalability, offering a practical solution without the complexity and costs associated with current tandem solar cell designs.
The UNSW research team has successfully utilized a more sustainable and stable organic molecule known as dipyrrolonaphthyridinedione (DPND) to aid this advancement. Unlike its predecessor, tetracene, which is chemically unstable when exposed to air, DPND is compatible with commercial manufacturing processes, enhancing its viability for widespread use. Lead researcher Professor Ned Ekins-Daukes highlighted the significance of this development, emphasizing its potential to streamline the efficiency of silicon solar cells without requiring extensive redesigns.
The technology works by employing a singlet fission process that enables high-energy photons to be absorbed more effectively. When layered on traditional silicon cells, this material captures photons and splits them into two excitons compatible with silicon’s bandgap, thereby creating two electron-hole pairs from one high-energy photon. This process not only doubles the output from these photons but also reduces thermal losses, resulting in lowered waste heat generation.
This advancement suggests that fewer solar panels will be needed to meet energy targets, which can lead to reduced installation costs and a smaller ecological footprint. Moreover, the cooler operating temperatures can enhance performance, as traditional silicon cell efficiency often suffers under increased heat. Moving away from the complex structure of tandem solar cells, the new layer can be added to existing silicon technologies, indicating a simpler path to implementation.
UNSW has filed for patent protection for this innovative work, and the team is now focused on scaling up the production of DPND molecules in preparation for pilot-line manufacturing trials. Dr. Jessica Yajie Jiang from the research team expressed optimism about transitioning from fundamental research to viable solar products, affirming the potential positive impact on both industry and the environment.